Is it Semi-precious Stone or Fine Stone?

Gemstones or Semi-Precious Stones?

What is the difference and why is the term "semi-precious" incorrect?

In the fascinating world of gemmology, the terms "gemstone" and "semi-precious stone" are often used interchangeably by the general public. However, these expressions are not equivalent, and one of them is even considered improper in the professional domain.

In this article, we will explore the origin of these terms, debate their relevance, and present a non-exhaustive list of gemstones to clarify this confusion.

The Origin of the Term "Semi-Precious Stone"

The term "semi-precious stone" emerged in the 19th century, probably to distinguish certain gems from so-called "precious stones." The latter, such as diamonds, rubies, sapphires, and emeralds, were renowned for their rarity, exceptional beauty, and high economic value.

In comparison, the more common or less expensive stones were catalogued as "semi-precious." However, this classification is misleading. The prefix "semi" implies a lower value, which does not reflect reality. Some so-called “semi-precious stones,” like tanzanite or paraiba tourmaline, can be just as rare and expensive as precious stones.

As a result, the term "semi-precious stone" is rejected by professional gemmologists, who prefer the expression "gemstone."

What Does "Gemstone" Mean?

In gemmology, the term "gemstone" refers to all natural gems other than precious stones.

These stones are distinguished by their chemical composition, crystallisation, and optical properties. They can be cut for jewellery or used for decorative purposes. Unlike the term "semi-precious," "gemstone" values these gems by highlighting their aesthetics and uniqueness, rather than a subjective hierarchy of their worth.

Examples of Gemstones: Classification and Family

Here is a non-exhaustive list of gemstones, classified according to their chemical composition and crystal family:

• Quartz: Amethyst (purple) Citrine (yellow) Rose quartz Aventurine (green or sparkly)
• Feldspars: Moonstone (adularia, with silver or bluish sheen) Labradorite (iridescent sheen) Sunstone (golden glitter)
• Garnet Group: Almandine Garnet (deep red) Tsavorite (vivid green) Pyrope (bright red)
• Tourmalines: Pink Tourmaline Green Tourmaline Paraiba Tourmaline (electric blue, very rare)
• Beryls: Aquamarine (light blue) Morganite (pastel pink) Heliodor (golden yellow)
• Spinels: Red Spinel (often mistaken for ruby) Purple or Blue Spinel
• Topazes: Imperial Topaz (golden orange) Blue Topaz (Swiss blue, London blue)
• Peridot: Peridot (olive green, part of the olivine family)
• Others: Tanzanite (blue-violet, highly prized) Natural Zircon (blue, golden or white) Chrysoprase (apple green) and many more!

Why Avoid the Term "Semi-Precious Stone"?

The use of the term "semi-precious stone" is gradually being abandoned for several reasons:

• A Pejorative Connotation: The prefix "semi" implies a lower value, which is unfair for gems as magnificent as they are rare.
• A Lack of Scientific Precision: The precious/semi-precious distinction does not rely on objective criteria such as chemical composition, rarity, or optical properties.
• An Outdated Usage: The official nomenclature now prefers "gemstone," which reflects a more respectful and modern approach.

The expression "semi-precious stone" is a historical but inaccurate term, which does not do justice to the richness and beauty of gemstones. By adopting a more precise and valuing terminology, such as "gemstone," we acknowledge the true worth of these gems.

Whether you are a jewellery enthusiast or merely curious, appreciating these stones for their unique properties and history is the first step towards a better understanding of the art of gems.